兰州地区各类错牙合患者上下颌牙量比率不调的研究(1)
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[摘要]目的：确定兰州地区汉族人各类错牙合患者上下颌牙量比率的参考值范围，为正畸诊断治疗提供依据。方法：从正畸门诊就诊的患者中选取240例患者(男120例，女120例)，其中各类错牙合(安氏I，II1,II2,III类)患者各60例(男30例，女30例)，取正畸治疗前原始记存模型，测量每颗牙齿的最大近远中径宽度，然后依据测量值计算全牙比和前牙比，统计分析使用配对t检验。结果：兰州地区患者全牙比在性别间及错牙合类型间均无显著性差异。而男性组安氏Ⅱ2类及安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者的前牙比显著高于其他错牙合类型。此外，安氏Ⅱ2类与安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者的前牙比在性别间有显著性差异。结论：兰州地区汉族人男性安氏Ⅱ2类及安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者前牙比较其他错牙合类型更大，在制订矫治计划时应充分进行上下颌牙量分析。
[关键词]错牙合；牙量不调；全牙比；前牙比
[中图分类号]R783.5 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2011)07-1150-02
Study on tooth size discrepancies in Lanzhou patients with different
malocclusion groups
XU Lin1,TAN Jia-li2,MA Jian-hua3,KUANG Wei2,GE Yong-ling4
(1.Department of Stomatology,The First Hospital of PLA,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China; 2.Department of stomatology,Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command; 3.Department of Out-patient,Xinjiang Military Region; 4.Department of quality control,the first Hospital of PLA)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo determine the reference value of tooth size ratio in Lanzhou population among different malocclusion groups.Methods240 were selected with 30 female and 30 male sets for each malocclusion (Class I,Class II division 1,Class II division 2,and Class III).The mesial and distal contact points were measure to calculate overall and anterior tooth size ratios.The differences between the male and female groups and among the malocclusion groups were analyzed using t-test.ResultsNo differences existed in the prevalence of overall tooth size ratios between the male and female groups or among the malocclusion groups.For the mean anterior tooth size ratios, in the male group, the values for Class III and Class II division 2 were higher than in Class II division 1and ClassⅠ.Conclusion The mean anterior tooth size ratio was higher in Class III and in Class II division 2 malocclusion than other groups in the male group.
Key words:malocclusion;tooth size discrepancy;overall tooth size ratios;anterior tooth size ratios
牙冠宽度不调在正畸患者中非常普遍。据报道，前牙宽度不调在正畸患者中发病率为17%～31%，在非正畸治疗人群中也占了约20.5%。造成临床医师困扰的是，正畸治疗结束后，存在牙冠宽度显著不调的患者往往难以形成良好的咬合关系。因而牙冠宽度比率是正畸诊疗中必须参照的一项重要指标。研究发现，牙冠宽度比率在不同地区、不同种族，不同性别间均存在差异。黑人全牙比和前牙比一般来说较黄种人和白人更大[1]，而男性较女性更大[2]。因此，临床医师必须根据本地人群上下颌牙量比率的参考值进行正畸诊断及预后判断。然而，目前兰州地区人群上下颌牙量比率的参考值尚未建立。因此，本研究中笔者作了兰州地区人群牙冠宽度的测量及上下颌牙量比率的相关研究，以期为兰州地区正畸临床诊治提供参考。
1材料和方法
1.1 研究对象：从2008～2010年来我院要求矫治的患者中选取240例，所有个体均为兰州地区汉族人。纳入标准：①恒牙列，第一磨牙前所有牙齿无缺失 ......
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